Semantics /
Kate Kearns
- Second edition
- xiii, 269 pages : illustrations ; 24 cm.
- Modern linguistics series .
- Modern linguistics series (Palgrave (Firm)) .
Includes bibliographical references and index
Acknowledgements -- Preface to the First Edition -- Preface to the Second Edition -- Introduction -- Semantics and pragmatics -- Kinds of meaning -- Denotation and Sense -- Lexical and structural meaning -- Categorematic and syncategorematic expressions -- Truth-conditional theories of meaning -- Denotations -- Possible worlds, extension and intension -- Truth conditions -- Truth-based relations between statements -- Implicature -- The Principle of Relevance -- The Principle of Informativeness -- Other contextual factors: indexicality and anaphors -- Presupposition -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Basic Logical Tools -- Representations for meanings -- The logical connectives -- Conjunction -- Negation -- Disjunction -- The material implication connective -- The biconditional connective -- Predicates and arguments -- Predicates, verbs and the number of arguments -- Sentences as arguments -- Path arguments -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- The Logical Quantifiers -- The universal quantifier -- The existential quantifier -- Intersective and non-intersective adjectives -- The logical quantifiers are interdefinable -- Scope and scopal ambiguity -- Scope and tree diagrams -- Scopal ambiguity -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Formal Composition -- Types -- Functions -- Types of function -- Lambda abstraction -- Some general rules for semantic composition -- Predicate variables -- Summary of rules and definitions -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Modality and Possible Worlds -- Kinds of modality -- Logical modality -- Epistemic modality -- Deontic modality -- Modality and possible worlds -- Logical modality and possible worlds -- Epistemic modality and possible worlds -- Deontic modality and possible worlds -- Interdefinability with negation -- Counterfactuals -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Generalized Quantifiers -- Quantification beyond first order logic -- Generalized Quantifier Theory -- Different types of quantifier determiner -- Group 1 and Group 2 determiners -- The ambiguity of few and many -- Few and a few -- Some and several -- Restricted quantifier notation -- Scopal ambiguity -- Proportional determiners and discourse familiarity -- Strong and weak determiners and there BE sentences -- The definiteness effect -- Types of there BE sentence -- Determiner the and definite descriptions -- Russell's Theory of Descriptions -- The as a generalized quantifier -- Definite descriptions as strong NPs -- Familiarity effects -- Definite descriptions in there BE contexts -- Definite descriptions and scopal ambiguity -- Quantifiers and negative polarity items -- Generalized quantifiers as lambda functions -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Referential Opacity -- Quine's referential opacity -- Modality, descriptions and names -- Modality and names -- Modality and descriptions -- Propositional attitudes and descriptions -- Summary: descriptions and scope -- Propositional attitudes and names -- De re and de dicto readings with other quantifiers -- Indefinite descriptions and specificity -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Aktionsarten: Aspectual Classes of Events -- Vendler's four aspectual classes -- Diagnostic tests for aktionsarten -- In adverbials -- The take time construction -- For adverbials -- The sub-interval property -- Entailments of the progressive -- Duration and the progressive -- Telicity and boundedness -- Semelfactive predicates -- Aktionsarten and agentivity -- Nominal and verbal aspect -- Closing comment -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Tense and Aspect -- Introduction -- The English verb group -- Interpretations of present, past, progressive and perfect -- Interpretations of the present tense -- Interpretations of the past tense -- Other forms for future and habitual -- Interpretations of the progressive -- Interpretations of the present perfect -- Present time adverbials -- Current result states -- 'Hot news' perfect -- Continuing state -- Tense as an operator -- Tense and reference to times -- Reichenbach's analysis of tense -- Reference to times in a narrative -- Reference time movement -- State/progressive includes reference time: reference time includes bounded event -- Is r the same as Reichenbach's R? -- General principles for temporal interpretation in narrative -- Adding tense -- Closing comment -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Thematic Roles and Lexical Conceptual Structure -- Introduction -- Traditional thematic roles -- Agent/Actor and Patient -- Localist roles -- Recipient and benefactive -- Experiencer and stimulus -- Do adjuncts have thematic roles? -- Themes and Patients -- Summary -- More detailed analysis of thematic roles -- Lexical conceptual structure and thematic roles -- The action tier -- Theme, goal and location -- Experiencer and stimulus -- Motion event roles -- Recipient and benefactive -- Summary of theta roles in LCS -- Verb classes and LCS -- Closing comment -- Summary of LCS symbols and definitions with selected examples -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Events -- Davidson's analysis of action sentences -- Neodavidsonian developments -- Separation of direct arguments -- Relations to events -- The adicity of verbal predicates -- Events and perception verbs -- Adding tense and NP quantifiers -- Exercises -- Further Reading -- Bibliography -- Index 1. 1.1. 1.2. 1.2.1. 1.2.2. 1.2.3. 1.3. 1.3.1. 1.3.2. 1.3.3. 1.3.4. 1.4. 1.4.1. 1.4.2. 1.5. 1.6. 2. 2.1. 2.2. 2.2.1. 2.2.2. 2.2.3. 2.2.4. 2.2.5. 2.3. 2.3.1. 2.3.2. 2.3.3. 3. 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. 3.5.1. 3.5.2. 4. 4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 5. 5.1. 5.1.1. 5.1.2. 5.1.3. 5.2. 5.2.1. 5.2.2. 5.2.3. 5.2.4. 5.3. 6. 6.1. 6.2. 6.3. 6.3.1. 6.3.2. 6.3.3. 6.3.4. 6.4. 6.5. 6.6. 6.7. 6.7.1. 6.7.2. 6.8. 6.8.1. 6.8.2. 6.8.3. 6.9. 6.10. 7. 7.1. 7.2. 7.2.1. 7.2.2. 7.3. 7.4. 7.5. 7.6. 7.7. 8. 8.1. 8.2. 8.2.1. 8.2.2. 8.2.3. 8.2.4. 8.2.5. 8.2.6. 8.3. 8.4. 8.5. 8.6. 8.7. 9. 9.1. 9.2. 9.3. 9.3.1. 9.3.2. 9.3.3. 9.3.4. 9.3.5. 9.4. 9.5. 9.6. 9.7. 9.7.1. 9.7.2. 9.7.3. 9.7.4. 9.7.5. 9.8. 10. 10.1. 10.2. 10.2.1. 10.2.2. 10.2.3. 10.2.4. 10.2.5. 10.2.6. 10.2.7. 10.3. 10.4. 10.4.1. 10.4.2. 10.4.3. 10.4.4. 10.4.5. 10.4.6. 10.5. 10.6. 11. 11.1. 11.2. 11.2.1. 11.2.2. 11.2.3. 11.3. 11.4.
"This introductory textbook assumes no prior knowledge and covers a wide range of core topics in formal semantics. Now thoroughly updated, the second edition features new chapters on semantic composition, type theory and the lambda calculus, as well as a revised discussion of Pragmatics and a variety of new exercises"--