TY  - BOOK
AU  - Kearns,Kate
TI  - Semantics
T2  - Modern linguistics series
SN  - 9780230232297 (hbk.)
AV  - P325 K32S 2011 
PY  - 2011///
CY  - New York, NY
PB  - Palgrave Macmillan
KW  - Semantics
N1  - Includes bibliographical references and index; Acknowledgements --; Preface to the First Edition --; Preface to the Second Edition --; 1; Introduction --; 1.1; Semantics and pragmatics --; 1.2; Kinds of meaning --; 1.2.1; Denotation and Sense --; 1.2.2; Lexical and structural meaning --; 1.2.3; Categorematic and syncategorematic expressions --; 1.3; Truth-conditional theories of meaning --; 1.3.1; Denotations --; 1.3.2; Possible worlds, extension and intension --; 1.3.3; Truth conditions --; 1.3.4; Truth-based relations between statements --; 1.4; Implicature --; 1.4.1; The Principle of Relevance --; 1.4.2; The Principle of Informativeness --; 1.5; Other contextual factors: indexicality and anaphors --; 1.6; Presupposition --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 2; Basic Logical Tools --; 2.1; Representations for meanings --; 2.2; The logical connectives --; 2.2.1; Conjunction --; 2.2.2; Negation --; 2.2.3; Disjunction --; 2.2.4; The material implication connective --; 2.2.5; The biconditional connective --; 2.3; Predicates and arguments --; 2.3.1; Predicates, verbs and the number of arguments --; 2.3.2; Sentences as arguments --; 2.3.3; Path arguments --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 3; The Logical Quantifiers --; 3.1; The universal quantifier --; 3.2; The existential quantifier --; 3.3; Intersective and non-intersective adjectives --; 3.4; The logical quantifiers are interdefinable --; 3.5; Scope and scopal ambiguity --; 3.5.1; Scope and tree diagrams --; 3.5.2; Scopal ambiguity --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 4; Formal Composition --; 4.1; Types --; 4.2; Functions --; 4.3; Types of function --; 4.4; Lambda abstraction --; 4.5; Some general rules for semantic composition --; 4.6; Predicate variables --; Summary of rules and definitions --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 5; Modality and Possible Worlds --; 5.1; Kinds of modality --; 5.1.1; Logical modality --; 5.1.2; Epistemic modality --; 5.1.3; Deontic modality --; 5.2; Modality and possible worlds --; 5.2.1; Logical modality and possible worlds --; 5.2.2; Epistemic modality and possible worlds --; 5.2.3; Deontic modality and possible worlds --; 5.2.4; Interdefinability with negation --; 5.3; Counterfactuals --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 6; Generalized Quantifiers --; 6.1; Quantification beyond first order logic --; 6.2; Generalized Quantifier Theory --; 6.3; Different types of quantifier determiner --; 6.3.1; Group 1 and Group 2 determiners --; 6.3.2; The ambiguity of few and many --; 6.3.3; Few and a few --; 6.3.4; Some and several --; 6.4; Restricted quantifier notation --; 6.5; Scopal ambiguity --; 6.6; Proportional determiners and discourse familiarity --; 6.7; Strong and weak determiners and there BE sentences --; 6.7.1; The definiteness effect --; 6.7.2; Types of there BE sentence --; 6.8; Determiner the and definite descriptions --; 6.8.1; Russell's Theory of Descriptions --; 6.8.2; The as a generalized quantifier --; 6.8.3; Definite descriptions as strong NPs --; Familiarity effects --; Definite descriptions in there BE contexts --; Definite descriptions and scopal ambiguity --; 6.9; Quantifiers and negative polarity items --; 6.10; Generalized quantifiers as lambda functions --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 7; Referential Opacity --; 7.1; Quine's referential opacity --; 7.2; Modality, descriptions and names --; 7.2.1; Modality and names --; 7.2.2; Modality and descriptions --; 7.3; Propositional attitudes and descriptions --; 7.4; Summary: descriptions and scope --; 7.5; Propositional attitudes and names --; 7.6; De re and de dicto readings with other quantifiers --; 7.7; Indefinite descriptions and specificity --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 8; Aktionsarten: Aspectual Classes of Events --; 8.1; Vendler's four aspectual classes --; 8.2; Diagnostic tests for aktionsarten --; 8.2.1; In adverbials --; 8.2.2; The take time construction --; 8.2.3; For adverbials --; 8.2.4; The sub-interval property --; 8.2.5; Entailments of the progressive --; 8.2.6; Duration and the progressive --; 8.3; Telicity and boundedness --; 8.4; Semelfactive predicates --; 8.5; Aktionsarten and agentivity --; 8.6; Nominal and verbal aspect --; 8.7; Closing comment --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 9; Tense and Aspect --; 9.1; Introduction --; 9.2; The English verb group --; 9.3; Interpretations of present, past, progressive and perfect --; 9.3.1; Interpretations of the present tense --; 9.3.2; Interpretations of the past tense --; 9.3.3; Other forms for future and habitual --; 9.3.4; Interpretations of the progressive --; 9.3.5; Interpretations of the present perfect --; Present time adverbials --; Current result states --; 'Hot news' perfect --; Continuing state --; 9.4; Tense as an operator --; 9.5; Tense and reference to times --; 9.6; Reichenbach's analysis of tense --; 9.7; Reference to times in a narrative --; 9.7.1; Reference time movement --; 9.7.2; State/progressive includes reference time: reference time includes bounded event --; 9.7.3; Is r the same as Reichenbach's R? --; 9.7.4; General principles for temporal interpretation in narrative --; 9.7.5; Adding tense --; 9.8; Closing comment --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 10; Thematic Roles and Lexical Conceptual Structure --; 10.1; Introduction --; 10.2; Traditional thematic roles --; 10.2.1; Agent/Actor and Patient --; 10.2.2; Localist roles --; 10.2.3; Recipient and benefactive --; 10.2.4; Experiencer and stimulus --; 10.2.5; Do adjuncts have thematic roles? --; 10.2.6; Themes and Patients --; 10.2.7; Summary --; 10.3; More detailed analysis of thematic roles --; 10.4; Lexical conceptual structure and thematic roles --; 10.4.1; The action tier --; 10.4.2; Theme, goal and location --; 10.4.3; Experiencer and stimulus --; 10.4.4; Motion event roles --; 10.4.5; Recipient and benefactive --; 10.4.6; Summary of theta roles in LCS --; 10.5; Verb classes and LCS --; 10.6; Closing comment --; Summary of LCS symbols and definitions with selected examples --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; 11; Events --; 11.1; Davidson's analysis of action sentences --; 11.2; Neodavidsonian developments --; 11.2.1; Separation of direct arguments --; 11.2.2; Relations to events --; 11.2.3; The adicity of verbal predicates --; 11.3; Events and perception verbs --; 11.4; Adding tense and NP quantifiers --; Exercises --; Further Reading --; Bibliography --; Index
N2  - "This introductory textbook assumes no prior knowledge and covers a wide range of core topics in formal semantics. Now thoroughly updated, the second edition features new chapters on semantic composition, type theory and the lambda calculus, as well as a revised discussion of Pragmatics and a variety of new exercises"--
ER  -