Food and feed safety systems and analysis / edited by Steven C. Ricke, Griffiths G. Atungulu, Chase E. Rainwater, Si Hong Park.

Includes bibliographical references and index.

Note continued: Introduction -- Salmonella and Campylobacter as Major Pathogens in Poultry -- Poultry Product Shelf-Life and Spoilage Microbiota -- Bacterial Contamination/Reduction During Poultry Processing Steps -- Before Scalder -- Scalder -- Picker -- Evisceration -- Inside/Outside Bird Wash and On-Line Reprocessing -- Chiller -- Food Safety Regulations Regarding Pathogen Reduction -- Methods of Monitoring Sanitation Effectiveness in the Poultry Slaughter Facility -- Current and Future Prospects for Microbial Profiling in the Poultry Slaughter Facility -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 19 Unraveling Food Production Microbiomes: Concepts and Future Directions / Chase E. Rainwater -- Introduction -- Whole Genome Sequencing and the Food Industry -- Characterizing Food System Microbiota -- Sequencing Food System Microbiomes -- Molecular-Based Microbial Diversity Profiling -- Current Sequencing Strategies and Bioinformatics Software Programs -- Microbiome Sequencing Strategies -- Mothur -- QIIME -- QIIME Versus Mothur -- Machine Learning and Potential Applications for Bioinformatics -- General Concepts -- Supervised Learning -- Unsupervised Learning -- Reinforcement Learning -- Conclusions and Future Directions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- ch. 20 Student Cross-Training Opportunities for Combining Food, Transportation, and Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity Into an Academic Food Systems Education Program / Steven C. Ricke -- Introduction -- Security Challenges in the United States -- Food Security -- General Concepts -- An Example of Data Generation and Food Security -- The Integrated Poultry Industry -- The Need for Graduate-Level Students -- Education Strategies -- Interdisciplinary Education -- Proposed Curriculum -- Mapping to a Standard Cybersecurity Framework -- Recruitment -- Placement -- Conclusions -- References.

Machine generated contents note: Section 1 Animal and Pet Feed Safety -- ch. 1 Changes in the Food Safety Landscape of Pet Foods in the United States / Richard G. Shields Jr. -- History of Pet Food Types and Formats -- Pet Food Safety Issues Associated With Raw Materials -- Base Ingredient Selection -- Humanization of Pet Food -- Nutrient Deficiencies and Excesses -- Antinutritional Factors -- Prion Diseases -- Selection of Food Additives -- Cross-Contamination Risks -- Mycotoxins -- Globalization -- Achieving Commercial Sterility in Pet Food Production and Potential Recontamination -- A History of Recalls in Pet Food -- Changes in the Regulatory Landscape for Pet Food -- References -- ch. 2 Mycotoxin Issues in Pet Food / Shantae Wilson -- Introduction -- Aflatoxin -- Deoxynivalenol -- Fumonisin -- Ochratoxins -- Tremorgens -- Mycotoxin Prevalence -- Pet Food-Related Mycotoxicoses Outbreaks and Recalls -- Mycotoxin Analyses and Related Challenges -- Sampling Issues -- Detection Issues -- Mycotoxin Management in Pet Food -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 3 Emerging Pet Food Drying and Storage Strategies to Maintain Safety / Griffiths G. Atungulu -- Introduction -- Classification of Pet Food and Main Nutritional Elements -- Main Composition of Pet Food and Primary Sources -- Storage Strategies to Minimize Nutritional Composition Loss -- Vitamin Potency -- Lipid or Fat Rancidity -- Protein Denaturation -- Carbohydrate Loss -- Moisture Content -- Emerging Drying Techniques -- Convective Heated Air Drying -- Microwave Drying -- Infrared Drying -- Fluidized Bed Drying -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 4 Animal Feed Mill Biosecurity: Prevention of Biological Hazards / Cassie Jones -- Introduction -- Animal Food -- Manufacture of Animal Feeds -- Biological Hazards -- Food Safety Modernization Act -- Feed Mill Biosecurity -- Hazard Analysis -- Hazard Mitigation -- Conclusions -- References -- Further Reading -- ch. 5 Physical and Chemical Methods for the Reduction of Biological Hazards in Animal Feeds / Griffiths G. Atungulu -- Introduction -- Feed Manufacturing -- Physical Methods -- Chemical Methods -- Conclusions -- References -- Section 2 Preharvest Food Safety Systems -- Incidence and Control of Foodborne Pathogens -- ch. 6 Antimicrobial Resistance in Foodborne Pathogens / Steven C. Ricke -- Introduction -- Foodborne Illness and Antimicrobial Resistance -- Acquired Antimicrobial Resistance -- Mechanisms of Bacterial Antimicrobial Resistance -- Antibiotic Inactivation or Modification -- Efflux Pumps -- Altered Target -- Reservoirs of Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria and Genes -- Food Animals -- Companion Animals -- Wild Animals and Insects -- Environment -- Intervention Methods to Reduce Antibiotic Resistance -- Curtail Antibiotic Use in Agriculture -- Proper Usage of Antibiotics in Human Medicine -- Develop New Drugs -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 7 The First 30 Years of Shiga Toxin -- Producing Escherichia coli in Cattle Production: Incidence, Preharvest Ecology, and Management / Todd R. Callaway -- Background -- Ecology of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli and Gastrointestinal Colonization -- Management Practices and Transportation -- Biosecurity -- Cattle Grouping -- Bedding and Pen Surfaces -- Manure Management -- Transportation and Lairage -- Stress -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 8 The First 30 Years of Shiga Toxin -- Producing Escherichia coli in Cattle Production: Preharvest Intervention Strategies / Todd R. Callaway -- Background -- Water and Feed Management -- Probiotic Approaches to Influence Microbial Ecology in the Gastrointestinal Tract of Cattle -- Probiotics -- Direct-Fed Microbials -- Competitive Exclusion -- Prebiotics -- Colicins -- Direct Antipathogen Strategies -- Antibiotics -- Sodium Chlorate -- Bacteriophages -- Cattle Hide Washing -- Vaccination -- Organic Acids and Botanicals -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 9 Foodborne Salmonella in Laying Hens and Egg Production / Young M. Kwon -- Introduction -- Salmonella Infections and Poultry -- Salmonella and the Laying Hen Reproductive Tract -- Incidence of Salmonella and Management of Laying Hens -- Control Programs for Salmonella in Laying Hen Flocks -- General Concepts -- Interventions for Preharvest Egg Production -- Interventions for Postharvest Egg Processing -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 10 Cereal Grain Fractions as Potential Sources of Prebiotics: Current Status, Opportunities, and Potential Applications / Griffiths G. Atungulu -- Introduction -- Brief Overview of Cereal Grain Production and Processing -- Global Cereal Grain Production -- The Processing of Cereal Grains -- Components From Cereal Grains for Potential Prebiotic Use: Extraction and Fractionation -- Animal Studies Involving Fractions for Prebiotics Application -- Human Health Responses -- Animal Feeding -- Foodborne Pathogen Reduction -- Gut Microbiome -- Economics for Application -- Human and Animal Health Markets -- Future Directions -- Mycotoxin Removal -- Grain Processing and By-product Utilization -- Genetic Modifications -- Conclusions -- References -- Section 3 Postharvest Food Safety Systems -- Incidence and Control of Foodborne Pathogens -- ch. 11 Interventions to Reduce Shiga Toxin -- Producing Escherichia coli on Beef Carcasses at Slaughter / Philip G. Crandall -- Introduction -- Risk Categorization of Incoming Cattle -- Hide-on Interventions -- Chemical Dehairing -- Chemical Washes -- Steam Treatments -- Biological Treatments -- Shellac -- Summary of Hide Treatments -- Carcass Interventions -- Physical Interventions -- Chemical Interventions -- Spray Chilling -- Emerging Technologies -- Electron Beam Irradiation -- Essential Oils -- Conclusions -- Acknowledgments -- References -- ch. 12 Microbiological Safety of Unpasteurized Fruit and Vegetable Juices Sold in Juice Bars and Small Retail Outlets / Joy Jackson -- Introduction -- Raw Juice Characteristics: Influence on Pathogen Survival -- Nonthermal Technologies to Control Pathogens in Juice -- Regulatory Perspective of Raw Juice -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 13 Listeria monocytogenes Adaptation and Growth at Low Temperatures: Mechanisms and Implications for Foodborne Disease / Steven C. Ricke -- Introduction -- Listeriosis Epidemiology -- Listeria monocytogenes Pathogenesis Mechanisms -- Listeria and Food Sources -- Listeria monocytogenes and Cold Stress -- Cellular Metabolism During Cold Stress -- Potential for Cross-Protection and Cold Stress -- Cold Stress and Virulence -- Genomic Approaches for Identifying Cold Stress Function -- Conclusions -- References -- ch. 14 Use of Natural Antimicrobials of Plant Origin to Improve the Microbiological Safety of Foods / Emalie Thomas-Popo -- Introduction -- Food Applications for Pathogen Control -- Fruit and Vegetable Juices -- Meat Products -- Fish Products -- Dairy Products -- Limitations in Food Applications -- Sensory Changes -- Miscibility Problems -- Interactions With Food Matrix Components -- pH Dependency -- Temperature Dependency -- Microbial Contamination and Type of Microbe -- Techniques for Delivery of Essential Oils and Their Components -- Incorporation in Food Packaging -- Encapsulation -- Incorporation in Biodegradable Edible Coating -- Exploiting Synergistic Actions of Essential Oils and Their Components -- Interactive Outcomes and Intra -- Essential Oil Interactions -- Analysis of Combined Effects -- Theoretical Mechanisms -- Regulations for Food Applications -- U.S. Food and Drug Administration -- European Food Safety Authority -- China Food Additives Association -- Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- ch. 15 Characteristics of Bacteriocins and Use as Food Antimicrobials in the United States / Michael G. Johnson -- Food Antimicrobials -- Bacteriocins -- Classification and Nomenclature of Bacteriocins -- Mode of Action of Bacteriocins -- Nisin -- Pediocins -- Bacteriocins in Food Systems -- Regulatory Environment in the United States -- Methods to Use Bacteriocins in Food Products -- Factors Affecting Use of Bacteriocins in Food -- Food Applications -- Conclusions -- References -- Section 4 Emerging Food Safety Systems -- ch.

16 Detection Strategies for Foodborne Salmonella and Prospects for Utilization of Whole Genome Sequencing Approaches / Kwangcheol C. Jeong -- Salmonella as a Foodborne Pathogen -- Food Safety Perspectives -- Poultry as a Major Vehicle for Transmission of Salmonella -- Detection Technology -- Detection Methods for Salmonella in Poultry: General Concepts -- Culture-Based Methods -- Immunological-Based Methods -- Molecular-Based Methods -- Salmonella Identification Using Whole Genome Sequencing -- Conclusions and Future Prospects -- References -- ch. 17 Use and Impacts of Whole Genome Sequencing in Retail Food Safety / Haley F. Oliver -- History of Whole Genome Sequencing -- Current and Future Platforms -- Single-Molecule, Real-Time Sequencing -- Oxford Nanopore (MinION) -- Illumina Platforms -- Whole Genome Sequencing Has Changed the Epidemic Curve for Food Safety -- Whole Genome Sequencing Projects -- The 100,000 Pathogen Genome Project -- GenomeTrakr -- Current Applications of Whole Genome Sequencing in the Retail Food System -- Future Applications of Whole Genome Sequencing in Retail -- References -- ch. 18 Historical, Current, and Future Prospects for Food Safety in Poultry Product Processing Systems / Steven C. Ricke